The Future of Farming and Food Production

Our population is currently at around 7.5 billion and “The world has added one billion people since 2005 and two billion since 1993.” It is predicted we will reach a population of 9.8 billion by 2050.  (United Nations, 2017).

According to Gimenez (2012), we Currently have enough food to feed 10 billion people and people starve because of greed. Furthermore, Edward O. Wilson (2002) also said that the earth can currently support 10 billion people in his book ‘The Future of Life’. However, neither of these sources linked back to any research or where they got their numbers. Alternatly, Waggoner (1996) says we should also consider and leave room for nature to survive, to do this we would need to drastically change our habits.

I believe (and I am not alone) that we can easily feed everyone on this planet with our current food productions. So why do people go hungry? Three main reasons Greed, Wastage, and poverty gaps. “The global volume of food wastage is estimated at 1.6 billion tonnes of ‘primary product equivalents.’ Total food wastage for the edible part of this amounts to 1.3 billion tonnes.” (Food wastage: Key facts and figures, n.d.). The average person eats 500kg per year (How Much Food Does the Average Person Eat per Year, 2013) so dividing that from the edible part of the food waste, that is enough to feed 2,600,000 people for a year.

The solution to wase food is up to you. How much food do you throw out or is left uneaten? how often do you overeat? If you own a business, how much food goes to waste there?

One solution to growing more food without destroying more forests is vertical farming.

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With vertical farming, you can grow a lot more in a smaller land area. This has shown to be very effective when adding hydroponics and LED lighting. This video goes into the basics of the idea:


“The world has enough for everyone’s need, but not enough for everyone’s greed.” -  Mahatma Gandhi


References: 

Food wastage: Key facts and figures. (n.d.). Retrieved 10 24, 2017, from Food and Agriculture  Organization of the United Nations:  http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/196402/icode/

Gimenez, E. H.  (2012, 02 05). We Already Grow Enough Food For 10 Billion People — and  Still Can’t End Hunger. Retrieved from The Huffington Post:  https://www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-holt-gimenez/world-hunger_b_1463429.html

How Much Food  Does the Average Person Eat per Year. (2013). Retrieved 10 24,  2017, from A to Z of Brain, Mind and Learning:  http://health.learninginfo.org/how-much-food-average-person-eat-per-year.htm

United Nations,  D. o. (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. New York: United Nations.

Waggoner, P. E.  (1996). How Much Land Can Ten Billion People Spare for Nature? Daedalus,  The Liberation of the Environment, 125(3), 73-93. Retrieved 10 23, 2017,  from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20027371

Wilson, E. O.  (2002). The Future of Life. Paw Prints.

A Creative Life

How do excessively Creative People Live?
Creatively! Creative people tend to do the following things according to some of the links below: They are extremely passionate about everything they do, and might not do things that they aren’t passionate about; They tend to daydream or get lost in thought; they enjoy solitude, more introverted people tend to be more creative; They have an openness to exploring new ideas and learning/experiencing new things; they tend to be more observant; They have better mindfulness; and they turn bad times into an advantage and build creative ideas from these experiences. This all boils down to thinking differently from the majority.

However, some other sources such as telentsmart sats some other things creative people do, like wake up early or work to a strict schedule.

So, How should creative people live?
More Creatively!
Do everything creatively!
For example, look at how this restaurant serves its deserts creatively.

By doing everything creatively, you enforce all of your creative thoughts and ideas.

Studies have also shown the benefits of having your own creative space to work, such as a workshop or studio and keeping to a schedule. But, at the same time being flexible to your ideas.

How can you live creatively? The following video raises some good points:

“we’re living in an age of information overload and the crisis of fake news” we need to stay open-minded and make our own ideas from our own research. see nothing as truth, all truths could change. See a news article? try to find their sources and make your own conclusions. Make new ideas even if they challenge the standard ways or ideas of life, it is these ideas that will either change the world or enforce the methods in place.

References:
https://blog.musicbed.com/articles/how-a-creative-person-should-manage-their-day-to-day-99u/257
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/858670600/tillera-minimal-and-seamless-device-for-tracking-y
https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/249931
http://www.talentsmart.com/articles/6-Unusual-Habits-of-Exceptionally-Creative-People-2147446622-p-1.html
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/04/creativity-habits_n_4859769.html
https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/ten_habits_of_highly_creative_people
http://web.mit.edu/STS.035/www/PDFs/think.pdf
https://www.fastcodesign.com/90137664/the-reason-your-brain-loves-wide-products
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5OJZ8XRzvKXellrWnlQeV9WX2s/view
https://www.aspeninstitute.org/blog-posts/navigating-information-overload/

Creativity

What is Creativity? Is that even an answerable question? The dictionary says Creativity is “The ability to transcend traditional ideas, rules, patterns, relationships, or the like, and to create meaningful new ideas, forms, methods, interpretations, etc.; originality, progressiveness, or imagination”- http://www.dictionary.com/browse/creativity
I decided to ask a friend of mine and she said “being creative is the expression of an idea that cannot be fully defined simply by describing it” I found this interesting as it makes sense yet it differs from the definition.
To me, creativity is the result of thinking openly and expressing ideas that some may never uncover.

So, How do you grow a creativity? How do you become creative?
according to https://thenextweb.com/creativity/2017/06/21/11-brutal-truths-about-creativity-that-no-one-wants-to-talk-about/#.tnw_L5nbPTen You already are creative, everyone is creative. I think the problem is a mix of self-criticism and close-mindedness.
The best ways to expand your creativity seems to be teaching your brain new things and opening your brain to new ideas. As said a previous post, music can increase creativity. However, not just learning an instrument but just listening to it as was said here: https://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2017/09/06/listening-to-happy-music-may-boost-creativity-study-says/#79ad72d63357 
I want to challenge you to grab a pencil and draw something or pick up any instrument and try to play it.
Take this video as an example:

However, Being creative is not just all about arts. Creative thinking helps with everything from problem-solving to living a happier life. - https://www.bestpracticeconsulting.com.au/_blog/Articles/post/Fostering_creativity_in_the_workplace/

My conclusion is, no matter who you are or where you are from, you should try being more creative as it could improve your life.

Music Needs Education and Education Needs Music!

Music is becoming less and less taught in schools in western countries according to the following video. He also says music is all about patterns and using them creatively. He uses dubstep to show the patterns of music and frequencies. He also says how learning music helps with creative thinking which could boost grades.

Below are some Creative Music Videos that I thought could be related as they are doubbly creative.

Below is a video showing sound being visualized:

There is creativity in music and by learning a musical instrument you are expanding your brain and your creativity. This is why I took up the melodica, a strange instrument, but, I feel it fits me perfectly. We need more teaching of music in schools and not just of classical western style. The more creative the better!

What Makes The Perfect Blog Post?

For starters, what is the purpose of a blog anyway?
A blog has many purposes such as a company updating customers on progress or new products, a person with something interesting to share like traveling, or a student trying to pass a creative paper…

Blogs are used as a tool to give the same bit of information to a set audience easily and repetitively. For this purpose, they have other good uses as well, such as a portfolio.

So, if your goal is spreading information to a set group of people, how do you make the perfect blog post?
The first three things you should think about is who is your audience, what is the purpose of this blog post, and what do you want the reader to do or feel after reading it. (for example, a blog post aimed at my fellow students about how to make a decent post)
After figuring these out, if your goal is to make people read your post, the most important thing is a good title to draw people in and make the reader interested. One way to do this is to get them hooked with a question that they want the answer to. Like instead of ‘How to Make The Perfect Blog Post’ I put ‘ What Makes The Perfect Blog Post?’ this makes the reader curious, however, both are good titles in my opinion. 
Next is a decent intro, something to draw the audience in and keep them reading.
After all of that is out of the way, comes your main content followed by an optional call to action. The content should also contain a decent summary. With your content, you should add images and graphics to split up the text and make it more enjoyable to read. This graphic should be related and useful to the content.
Lastly, check grammar and spelling. As boring as it sounds it is essential to a decent blog post. I personally use as many tools as I can to help, like Grammarly.

From another angle what shouldn't you do? Here is an interesting video I found:


References:
https://www.salesforce.com/ca/blog/2015/10/anatomy-of-a-blog-post.html
https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/how-to-write-blog-post-simple-formula-ht

Do I Really Need 8 Hours of Sleep?

Lives are busier than ever! “According to a study by the American Psychological Association, 18 to 35 year olds are the most stressed out generation ever—earning ourselves the nickname “Generation Stress.”” - https://relevantmagazine.com/life/millennials-are-most-stressed-out-generation-and-s-spiritual-problem “stress is caused by three primary factors—money, work, and the economy” -  https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-02-15/americans-just-broke-the-psychologists-stress-record

Stress on its own will kill you, mentally if not physically. However, part of stress (at least for me) is not having enough time in the day. A solution often used is to reduce sleep to get everything done, allowing us to relax. The problem with this is how sleep affects the body.

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“Sleep deprivation actually causes the brain to feed off of neurons and synaptic connections“ - http://nypost.com/2017/05/30/the-brain-literally-eats-itself-when-its-overtired-study/
“Your body needs sleep, just as it needs air and food to function at its best. During sleep, your body heals itself and restores its chemical balance. Your brain forges new connections and helps memory retention. Without enough sleep, your brain and body systems won’t function normally. It can also dramatically lower your quality of life. A review of 16 studies found that sleeping for less than 6 to 8 hours a night increases the risk of early death by about 12 percent.” - https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep-deprivation/effects-on-body
“If sleep deprivation continues long enough, you could start having hallucinations—seeing or hearing things that aren’t there. A lack of sleep can also trigger mania in people who have manic depression.“ Which I have experienced. More than once I have gone 3 days without sleeping and the most I have gone is 4.

From this research, I have learned I need to make a change to my sleeping habits or it might actually kill me. Another factor is, sleeping statistically also makes you more productive making any excuses for not sleeping irrelevant.

Should We Still Be Marking Based On Literacy?

The article “Is It Time To Go Back To Basics With Writing Instruction? “ by mind shift, says many students struggle with expressing their ideas through writing and many students are at a low writing level. They speak of a teaching style/course that teaches from the basics.

I believe writing is a limited medium, yes it is important, no it shouldn't dictate everything. In Highschools, most subjects (at least the graded ones) are either marked in math or English from my experience. If you do not excel at Literacy or Numeracy, you can be extremely limited. Another problem is the content as is introduced in the following music video:

Sure, it is a bit controversial, but, he raises good points. School hasn’t changed in over a century. We have made huge advancements and the whole world is a different place now, yet the school system hasn’t changed at all. This is talked about very well here.

So what can we do? We need to change, the world is going in the way of creativity, most of the factory line jobs that school was designed for don’t exist anymore and the rest won’t exist in the near future. School needs to stop killing creativity (and it does) and start making it stronger. According to the following article, Creative jobs will be the last to be automated.

http://fortune.com/2015/04/22/robots-white-collar-ai/

Our only way forward as a species is to be more creative and remove greed. Those together could solve all the worlds problems and they already are.

Brain Science! (Part 1)

Before posting more about our project I thought I might cover some of the basics of neuroscience regarding the EEG (electroencephalogram) displayed below.

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Brainwave Frequencies:
Each brainwave frequency points to a specific brain function shown in the image below. Each electrode picks up all of the brainwave frequencies. A problem is the received frequencies include frequencies from general interference and these need to be filtered out or blocked with some sort of Faraday cage, generally they are filtered out by the EEG’s software based on your country.

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Parts of the brain:
Current neuroscience believes each area of the brain to control certain functions.
From Back to Front:
“The Occipital Lobe is the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex.”  - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occipital_lobe
“The parietal lobe functions in processing sensory information regarding the location of parts of the body as well as interpreting visual information and processing language and mathematics.” -http://study.com/academy/lesson/parietal-lobe-definition-functions-quiz.html 
“The temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex. The primary auditory cortex receives sensory information from the ears and secondary areas process the information into meaningful units such as speech and words.“ - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_lobe
“The frontal lobe is the part of the brain that controls important cognitive skills in humans, such as emotional expression, problem-solving, memory, language, judgment, and sexual behavior. It is, in essence, the “control panel” of our personality and our ability to communicate.” - https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/frontal-lobe/male
“The frontal pole is one of the three poles of the brain (along with the occipital pole and temporal pole), and corresponds to the anterior-most rounded point of the frontal lobe.“ It is the frontmost (anterior) part of the frontal lobe - https://radiopaedia.org/articles/frontal-pole
Nasal:
For more spacial resolution a nasal electrode can be used, which is an electron that is placed inside the nasal cavity. This is relatively rare from my knowledge. It is most commonly used in more accurately diagnosing epilepsy patients -  https://www.epilepsyresearch.org.uk/research_portfolio/recording-brain-activity-using-electrodes-placed-in-the-nose/
These areas are located as shown below:

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How neurons work:
In certain conditions a neuron fires, this is called an action potential. An action potential is the rapid changing of charges (in the form of ions) that travel down the axon (like a cable for your body). Action potentials can be triggered by a number of things. Such as touch or any of your other senses, Chemicals in the brain, other neurons, or a direct electrical current (these are just a few).
Below is the graph of an action potential in humans, showing the voltage changes over time as the cell depolarizes then re-polarizes.

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How an electrode gets a signal:
Any electrical current produces electromagnetic (EM) waves. The electrodes on the EEG are made to be extremely sensitive to these EM waves. The use of multiple electrodes can show what part of the brain signals are being sent and what kind. The more electrodes, generally the greater accuracy. Below are all the most common EEG electrode placements. The first letters represent each of the lobes explained above. 

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Best EEG for us:
We decided that the Emotiv Epoc+ would be best for our project due to the locations of the electrodes, the price, and it has an API for processing which we are programming most of the project in. It is displayed below:

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If you want to learn more about neuroscience yourself look at mcb80x.org

References:
http://www.measurement.sk/2002/S2/Teplan.pdf
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13534-016-0235-1